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Структурно-смысловые связи
TASK 1.Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски A–F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1–7. Одна из частей в списке 1–7 — лишняя. Занесите цифры, обозначающие соответствующие части предложений, в таблицу.
Fire Crews Hunt Escaped Hamster
Eight firefighters have been called in to help find an escaped hamster. Two crews used a chocolate-covered camera and a vacuum cleaner A ____ , called Fudgie, at the home of a six-year-old girl in Dunbar, Scotland.
The girl’s mother said: ‘We came down for breakfast and discovered Fudgie had opened the top lid of her cage and had made her way into the kitchen and we think she has gone В ____ .'
The fire crews spent five hours trying to recover the pet after it ran down a hole in the kitchen floor. But, the hamster still refused С ____ .
In the search for Fudgie, the firefighters took the family cooker and gas pipes apart. They also dropped a mini-camera coated with chocolate under the floorboards. They then hoped to take out the hamster using a vacuum cleaner. Despite all their efforts, they failed to find Fudgie.
In the end, the firefighters put another camera down the hole D ____ , connected to the screen of the family home computer, to see if Fudgie appeared. Besides, the girl and her parents regularly dropped food E ____ .
At last, after eight days the hamster returned to her cage safe and sound. She crawled from the hole in the kitchen floor early in the morning. It was the girl’s father who first found Fudgie F ____ .
The girl said that day it was like Christmas morning for her. Her parents added that they too felt extremely happy when Fudgie had finally returned.
1. through a small hole in the floor
2. through the hole for the hamster
3. and locked the runaway hamster
4. to come out of the hole
5. to look after the pet
6. to try and locate the missing hamster
7. and left it under the floorboards
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TASK2.Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски A–F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1–7. Одна из частей в списке 1–7 — лишняя. Занесите цифры, обозначающие соответствующие части предложений, в таблицу.
Hi-Tech Brings Families Together
Technology is helping families stay in touch like never before, says a report carried out in the US.
Instead of driving people apart, mobile phones and the Internet are A ______ . The research looked at the differences in technology use between families with children and single adults. It found that traditional families have more hi-tech gadgets in their home В ______ . Several mobile phones were found in 89% of families and 66% had a high-speed Internet connection. The research also found that 58% of families have more С ______ .
Many people use their mobile phone to keep in touch and communicate with parents and children. Seventy percent of couples, D ______ , use it every day to chat or say hello. In addition, it was found that 42% of parents contact their children via their mobile every day.
The growing use of mobile phones, computers and the Internet means that families no longer gather round the TV to spend time together. 25% of those who took part in the report said they now spend less time E ______ . Only 58% of 18—29 year olds said they watched TV every day. Instead the research found that 52% of Internet users who live with their families go online F ______ several times a week and 51% of parents browse the web with their children.
Some analysts have worried that new technologies hurt families, but we see that technology allows for new kinds of connectedness built around cell phones and the Internet/ said the report.
1. than any other group
2. watching television
3. in the company of someone else
4. than two computers in the home
5. communicated with their families
6. helping them communicate
7. owning a mobile
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TASK3.
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Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски A–F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1–7. Одна из частей в списке 1–7 — лишняя. Занесите цифры, обозначающие соответствующие части предложений, в таблицу.
The Power of ‘Hello’
I work at a company where there are hundreds of employees. I know most of them and almost all of them know me. It is all based on one simple principle: I believe every single person deserves to be acknowledged, A ______ .
When I was about 10 years old, I was walking down the street with my mother. She stopped to speak to Mr. Lee. I knew I could see Mr. Lee any time around the neighborhood, В ______ .
After we passed Mr. Lee, my mother said something that has stuck with me from that day until now. She said, ‘You let that be the last time you ever walk by somebody and not open up your mouth to speak, because even a dog can wag its tail С ______ . That phrase sounds simple, but it has been a guidepost for me and the foundation of who I am. I started to see that when I spoke to someone, they spoke back. And that felt good. It is not just something I believe in — D ______ . I believe that every person deserves to feel someone acknowledges their presence, no matter how unimportant they may be.
At work, I always used to say ‘hello’ to the founder of the company and ask him how our business was doing. But I was also speaking to the people in the cafe, and asked how their children were doing. I remembered after a few years of passing by the founder, I had the courage to ask him for a meeting. We had a great talk.
At a certain point, I asked him E ______ . He said, ‘If you want to, you can get all the way to this seat.’ I have become vice president, but that has not changed the way I approach people. I speak to everyone I see, no matter where I am. I have learned that speaking to people creates a pathway into their world, F ______ .
1. it has become a way of life.
2. when it passes you on the street.
3. when you see him and talk to him.
4. and it lets them come into mine, too.
5. so I did not pay any attention to him.
6. however small or simple the greeting is.
7. how far he thought I could go in his company.
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TASK4. Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски A–F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1–7. Одна из частей в списке 1–7 — лишняя. Занесите цифры, обозначающие соответствующие части предложений, в таблицу.
Friendship and Love
A strong friendship takes a significant amount of time to develop. It will not just magically mature overnight. A friendship involves committing oneself to help another person A ______ . I believe that, nothing can replace a true friend, not material objects, or money, and definitely not a boy.
I met this guy a couple summers ago who I ended up spending almost all of my free time with. His parents did not approve of our dating because of our age difference, В ______ . He had told me the day we met that he had joined the air force and would leave for overseas that coming October. After three months had past, the time came when he had to leave. This left me feeling completely alone.
I turned to my friends for support, but to my surprise, С ______ . I had spent so much time with this guy and so little time with them, that they did not feel sorry for me when he left. For so long they had become the only constant in my life, and I had taken them for granted over something D ______ .
When my boyfriend came back, our relationship changed. I tried to fix all the aspects in my life that had gone so wrong in the previous six months.
This experience taught me that true friendships will only survive if one puts forth effort to make them last. Keeping friends close will guarantee that E ______ . When a relationship falls apart, a friend will always do everything in their power to make everything less painful. As for me, I try to keep my friends as close as I can. I know they will always support me in whatever I do, and to them, I F ______ .
1. but we did anyway.
2. whenever a need arises.
3. they did not really care.
4. whenever they need your help.
5. could not guarantee would even last.
6. am eternally grateful'for a second chance.
7. someone will always have a shoulder to cry on.
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TASK 5.Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски A–F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1–7. Одна из частей в списке 1–7 — лишняя. Занесите цифры, обозначающие соответствующие части предложений, в таблицу.
Culture and customs
In less than twenty years, the mobile telephone has gone from being rare, expensive equipment of the business elite to a pervasive, low-cost personal item. In many countries, mobile telephones A ______ ; in the U.S., 50 per cent of children have mobile telephones. In many young adults’ households it has supplanted the land-line telephone. The mobile phone is В ______ , such as North Korea.
Paul Levinson in his 2004 book Cellphone argues that by looking back through history we can find many precursors to the idea of people simultaneously walking and talking on a mobile phone. Mobile phones are the next extension in portable media, that now can be С ______ into one device. Levinson highlights that as the only mammal to use only two out of our four limbs to walk, we are left two hands free D ______ — like talking on a mobile phone.
Levinson writes that “Intelligence and inventiveness, applied to our need to communicate regardless of where we may be, led logically and eventually to telephones that we E ______ .”
Given the high levels of societal mobile telephone service penetration, it is a key means for people F ______ . The SMS feature spawned the «texting» sub-culture. In December 1993, the first person-to-person SMS text message was transmitted in Finland. Currently, texting is the most widely-used data service; 1.8 billion users generated $80 billion of revenue in 2006.
1. to perform other actions
2. outnumber traditional telephones
3. to communicate with each other
4. combined with the Internet
5. to serve basic needs
6. banned in some countries
7. carry in our pockets
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ANSWERS
Пояснение 1.
А−6: missing hamster(по смыслу и грамматически to try and locate).
B−1: through a small hole in the floor (по смыслу).
C−4: refused to come out (смысл).
D−7: and left it (по смыслу.
E−2: dropped food... for the humster.
F−3: found and locked...
Пояснение 2.
A−6: помогают им общаться. are helping (Present Cont.) + по смыслу речь идет о средствах связи.
B−1: сравнение, чем...(than any other group).
C−4: more than two computers. (опять сравнение — более чем 2 компьютера...)
D−7: владеющих мобильным телефоном, стоит запятая, подсказывая Ving + по смыслу, (чтобы сказать Hello и поболтать) — owning a mobile.
E−2: По смыслу, речь в этом параграфе идет о телевизоре.
F−3: выходят в интернет с кем-либо еще. (по смыслу).
Пояснение 3.
A−6: по смыслу.
B−5: Mr Lee... didn't pay attention to him.
C−2: the dog... it passes you.
D−1: it... it has become.
E−7: по смыслу.
F−4: a pathway... it lets them...
Пояснение 4.
A−2: по переводу (когда необходимость...).
B−1: его родители не одобряют, но мы... (parents didn't approve... but we did...).
C−3: по переводу... но к моему удивлению им безразлично.
D−5: по переводу.
E−7: по переводу.
F−6: завершающая фраза.
Пояснение 5.
A−2: по переводу.
B−6: по переводу и грамматически (is banned) запрещен.
C−4: по переводу (может быть скомбинировано с Интернетом в одном приборе).
D−1: по структуре и по смыслу — to be free to do smth (остаются 2 свободных руки, чтобы производить другие действия).
E−7: которые мы можем носить в своем кармане (we can carry...).
F−3: по переводу.
«Личное письмо» ЕГЭ.
TASK 1.
You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen friend Bill who writes
...I don't think it will be a problem for me to choose a good job in the future as I'm really interested in foreign languages, cultures and countries and I hope I'll work as a translator or teacher of foreign languages some day. Have you already decided on your career? What job are you going to choose? Why?
I've lived in the USA my whole life but I'd really love to travel to other countries...
Write a letter to Bill. In your letter answer his questions, ask 3 questions about his plans for travelling. Write 100−140 words. Remember the rules of letter writing.
TASK 2.
You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen-friend Mary who writes:
...Summer is coming and I want to look my best: healthy, energetic and phyically fit. So I'm trying to eat plain, simply cooked natural food, have enough sleep at night and I have recently joined our local fitness club. Do you do anything special to stay healthy? What makes people healthy and strong? What ao uou think about a healthy lifestule?
By the way, I m going to spend a month at the seaside this summer...
Write a letter to Mary. In your letter answer her questions, ask 3 questions about her coming summer holidays. Write 100—140 words. Remember the rules of letter writing. You have 20 minutes to do this task.
TASK 3.
You have received a letter from your New Zealand pen-friend Sheila who writes:
...You know, my idea of a perfect weekend is to do absolutely nothing, just read a book. A walk in the park is not bad if the weather is nice. I don't understand people who spend Sunday in a gym or a fitness centre.
What is your idea of a perfect weekend? What do you like to do in your free time after the lessons? What is your hobby?.
Soon I'm going on vacation and I can't decide what books to take with me...
Write a letter to Sheila. In your letter ask his questions, ask 3 questions about her favourite books. Write 100—140 words. Remember the rules of letter writing. You have 20 minutes to do this task.
TASK 4.
You have received a letter from your New Zealand pen-friend Tom who writes:
...Last month our class went to Washington to visit the National Museum of American History. It was my first visit there and it was fun! How often do you go to museums with your class, if at all? Which museum is your favourite or what museum would you like to visit? Why do you think people should go there?
This summer we plan to go hiking with my parents...
Write a letter to Tom. In your letter answer his questions, ask 3 questions about his summer plans. Write 100—140 words. Remember the rules of letter writing. You have 20 minutes to do this task.
TASK 5.
You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen-friend Jane who writes:
... Yesterday my Mum asked me to help her about the house. We were very busy with cleaning up after the birthday party the whole morning. I got quite tired and even missed my fitness class. What are your family duties, if any? Is there anything you especially like or dislike about house work? Do you find helping your parents necessary, why or why not?
Oh, I have some great news! I got a lovely kitten for my birthday...
Write a letter to Jane. In your letter answer her questions, ask 3 questions about her kitten. Write 100—140 words. Remember the rules of letter writing. You have 20 minutes to do this task.
TASK 6.
You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen-friend Alice who writes:
... I have to think about my pocket money all the time. My parents try to make me earn it by doing the housework. They try to make me save up and then buy something useful. But I need pocket money for the cinema and ice-cream and other treats like that. Do you have to ‘earn’ your pocket money in any way or do your parents just give it to you? What do you spend your pocket money on? What do your parents think of the way you spend it?
Last weekend my friends and I went on a picnic to the countryside...
Write a letter to Alice. In your letter answer her questions, ask 3 questions about her picnic. Write 100—140 words. Remember the rules of letter writing. You have 20 minutes to do this task.
TASK 7.
You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen-friend Jane who writes:
… So you see that I enjoy films based on true historic facts. What kinds of films do you like watching? Do you prefer watching films in the cinema or at home? Why? Do you agree that it is better to read a book before watching the film based on it? Why or why not?
I’ve just come back from a trip to Wales…
Write a letter to Jane. In your letter answer her questions, ask 3 questions about her trip to Wales. Write 100—140 words. Remember the rules of letter writing. You have 20 minutes to do this task.
TASK 8.
You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen-friend Nick who writes:
...I'm, going to do a project on reading in different countries. Could you help me? Do young people read as much as old people in your country? Do you prefer to read E-books or traditional books? Why? How much time do you and your friends spend reading daily? As for the latest news, I have just joined a sport club...
Write a letter to Nick. In your letter answer his questions, ask 3 questions about sports. Write 100–140 words. Remember the rules of letter writing.
Example (task 1):
Moscow, Russia
October, 21
Dear Bill,
Thank you for your letter. It’s great that you have already chosen your future job!
Talking about me — I’m not that sure as you are. I also like foreign languages, different cultures and I enjoy travelling, but I don’t think that translation or being a professor is something for me. I’d like to choose a job which would give me a possibility of traveling, meeting new people, communicate with them on a foreign language, because that’s what I’m interested in and what, I guess I could do successfully.
Anyway, you've mentioned travelling. Have you already decided when you are going to have your trip? What countries would you like to visit? Do you want to take your parents with you?
I've got to go as my friend is asking me for help.
Write back soon.
Best wishes,
Kate.
Автор: Кожемяка А.В.
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